28 Mart 2011 Pazartesi

Libya: A survivor under siege

Having goaded his country into an unwinnable war, Libya’s Muammer Gaddafi appeared in public for the first time three days after western coalition air strikes began to devastate his army.
Resplendent in state robes and his trademark black tribal cap, he delivered a typically fiery speech from a spot that symbolises his ability to survive amid his nation’s cut-throat tribal politics – atop the ruins of the vast Tripoli compound destroyed by an air strike in 1986, the last American attempt to unseat him.

A quarter of a century after that attack, he clings stubbornly to power. Despite the destruction of his military at the hands of British, French, and American air power, he told the crowd brought to the compound to act as his human shield that he would never surrender. “We are ready for the fight, whether it will be a short or a long one,” he declared.
Such swaggering defiance is the trademark of the cornered tyrant. Yet it also underscores an uncomfortable truth facing an international community desperate to see the end of Colonel Gaddafi’s rule: tyrants are often hard to remove.
With his amazon female bodyguard, elaborate outfits and incoherent diatribes, it is easy to dismiss Col Gaddafi as just another dictator who has let power go to his head. But mere megalomania does not explain his survival since he took power by force in 1969. Those who have met him speak of the razor-sharp focus, manipulative style and instinctive understanding of how to wield power that has carried him through attempted coups and assassinations.
While western military action might have consolidated Col Gaddafi’s remaining political support base, however, it has emboldened others too – not just in the rebel-held east but also in government strongholds. In Tripoli, dissatisfaction with the regime appeared to resurface this week as the effects of air strikes and sanctions were felt. Five weeks after the protests started residents could once again be heard murmuring their opposition to Col Gaddafi, telling foreign journalists that they would attempt to stage fresh protests.

Bleak history lessons for Libya’s future

This year sees the 25th anniversary of the publication of Thinking in Time: The Uses of History for Decision-Makers, a text on how best to use lessons of the past. It provides a corollary to the aphorism that those who cannot remember history are condemned to repeat it. This is especially relevant in Libya, where history has been enlisted to make the case both for and against military intervention.
Those making the moral case for action, including President Barack Obama, often cite the need to avoid repeating the failure to intervene in Rwanda in 1994. Those arguing for no-fly zones recall northern Iraq, or the former Yugoslavia. But none of these is an exact fit. Unlike Rwanda, Libyan society is not structured along a single or dominant ethnic faultline. And Muammer Gaddafi’s threat to show no mercy to his opponents might have been just that: a threat, within the context of a civil uprising, to intimidate those who opposed him with arms. It was not necessarily a threat to every man, woman and child in Benghazi.

Plotting the way forward in Libya

Libya has been pulled back from the brink. In spite of fears that western countries might have entered the fray too late, their air power has swiftly checked Muammer Gaddafi’s attempt to extinguish the uprising against him.
But while Colonel Gaddafi’s murderous juggernaut has been stopped, he has not been defeated. The opposition is retaking territory, but victory is not guaranteed. There is little sign that its forces have the military and logistical ability to take the fight to Tripoli.

Obama to defend actions in Mideast

The Obama administration has launched a concerted defence of military action against Libya and its broader response to the upheavals in the Middle East ahead of an address to the nation by the president.
Barack Obama’s decision to make a nationally-televised speech on Monday night follows criticism and disquiet about the administration’s failure to offer a coherent framework for US foreign policy.




The criticism has not been uniform, with many national security specialists saying Mr Obama has had to juggle an unprecedented range of challenges in a brief period affecting longtime allies and foes.
Hillary Clinton, secretary of state, and Robert Gates, defence secretary, in joint TV appearances on Sunday, said the Libya action had succeeded in preventing a humanitarian catastrophe. But they resisted offering a time frame for ending US involvement – even as Washington hands over formal control to Nato – and also sought to distinguish Libya from other protest movements.
While deploring the bloodshed in Syria, Mrs Clinton said the situation did not warrant intervention because the level of violence was not the same as in Libya. “There’s a difference between calling out aircraft and indiscriminately strafing and bombing your own cities [like Libya], than

Talking Libya in London

As the Libyan rebels race along the coast towards Tripoli, foreign ministers from 35 nations are gathering in London to discuss what to do next. At least, I think that’s what they are doing. Talking to participants in the London conference, it isn’t entirely clear what the agenda is. Formally, they are establishing a “contact group” of 35 nations that can monitor and discuss the Libyan conflict. Informally, it seems to me there are several other goals.

Libyan rebels sweep westwards

A Libyan rebel displays the Kingdom of Libya flag near a burning loyalist tank at a site bombed by a coalition air strike near Ajdabiya on March 26
Libyan rebels recaptured the eastern oil town of Ras Lanuf and advanced farther west on Sunday, reclaiming territory after western air strikes destroyed regime tanks, armoured personnel carriers, rocket launchers and trucks.
International air raids targeted Muammer Gaddafi’s hometown of Sirte for the first time on Sunday night as rebels made a high-speed advance towards the regime stronghold.

A heavy bombardment of Tripoli also began after nightfall, with at least nine loud explosions and anti-aircraft fire heard.
The rapid push westwards by opposition forces, who just over a week ago had been under siege in Benghazi, underlined how air strikes against Colonel Gaddafi’s forces by US, French, Canadian and British jets have changed the dynamics of the conflict.
The rebels, mostly volunteers with little or no training and light weapons, had been overwhelmed by the better equipped and better trained regime forces. But western intervention in the oil-rich nation has meant that Col Gaddafi’s air superiority has vanished, making it highly risky for his troops to move along open desert highways linking east and west.
The opposition advance appeared only possible bec­ause of damage inflicted by western air strikes on pro-Gaddafi troop positions in Ajdabiya, seen as the gateway to the east, over the weekend. The rebel forces had spent several days trying to retake the town last week but they were unable to overcome regime troops at the main entrances to Ajdabiya, where they had dug in T-72 tanks and set up artillery positions. But western jets bombed the regime forces’ armour, with at least 22 wrecked tanks littering main junctions in and around Ajdabiya.
The rebels then moved west, retaking the oil town of Brega and Ras Lanuf, meeting little resistance. The advance means the rebels control the main oil refineries and terminals in the east. They reportedly reached the town of Bin Jawad – the most westerly point they controlled briefly this month before being pushed back to Benghazi.
After rediscovering their swagger, the rebels again boasted of moving on to Sirte and Tripoli. “We will not stop. We will break the siege around Misurata then we will reach Bab al-Azizia [Gaddafi’s compound in Tripoli],” said Nouri al-Agori, a rebel fighter.
Nato agreed to take command of all international military operations enforcing the UN resolution in Libya at a meeting of its envoys in Brussels on Sunday night. The decision was taken after Nato’s military committee, comprising the top officers from all 28 delegations, had approved plans unanimously to broaden the mission to include ground attacks, if Col Gaddafi’s forces threaten civilians.
Anders Fogh Rasmussen, Nato’s secretary-general, said: “Our goal is to protect civilians and civilian-populated areas . . . Nato will implement all aspects of the UN resolution. Nothing more, nothing less.”
Nato approval was a diplomatic victory for the US and UK, after struggling to bring Turkey and France under the Nato umb­rella.
The UK has convened a special conference on Libya on Tuesday. Italy’s foreign ministry said it was talking to Germany “about a co-ordination of a position on key principles for the future of Libya”, to be discussed at the conference in London.

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27 Mart 2011 Pazar

Postal Service: 7,500 workers, $20,000 buyouts


NEW YORK (CNNMoney) -- The Postal Service is offering a $20,000 buyout to thousands of veteran workers as part of its bid to eliminate 7,500 administrative jobs, the agency announced Thursday.
The struggling agency also announced plans to shutter seven district offices.
26 Mart 2011 Cumartesi

Bernanke to meet the press


NEW YORK (CNNMoney) -- Tight-lipped Ben Bernanke is coming further out of his shell.

The Federal Reserve Chairman will start holding press briefings four times a year, the central bank announced Thursday afternoon.

"The introduction of regular press briefings is intended to further enhance the clarity and timeliness of the Federal Reserve's monetary policy communication," the Fed said in an official statement.
25 Mart 2011 Cuma

Budget pain taking a toll

The Department of Defense has put the construction of a Virginia-class attack submarine on hold due to budget uncertainty.

NEW YORK (CNNMoney) -- After six months of coping with stop-gap funding measures, federal agencies have quietly started instituting hiring freezes, withholding grants and curtailing work on critical projects.

The uncertainty caused by Congress' inability to pass a budget cuts across many corners of the government.

What's next for nuclear power?

The disaster at Fukushima is raising antinuclear sentiment around the world. But can society afford to live without this carbon-free energy source? Six experts weigh in.
The human suffering i

Tech earnings lift stocks

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NEW YORK (CNNMoney) -- U.S. stocks posted solid gains on Thursday, as positive earnings in the technology sector offset ongoing concerns related to Japan and spreading unrest in the Middle East.

The Dow Jones industrial average (INDU) gained 85 points, or 0.5%, to 12,171; the S&P 500 index (SPX) edged up 12.1 points, or 0.9%, to 1,310; and the Nasdaq Composite (COMP) jumped 38 points, or 1.4%, to 2736.

About 4.8 million box fans recalled for fire risk

About 4.8 million box fans made by Lasko are being recalled for a fire risk.

NEW YORK (CNNMoney) -- About 4.8 million box fans are being recalled by a Pennsylvania company because they pose a fire hazard, the government said Thursday.

Lasko Products Inc. of West Chester, Pa., is recalling the fans as an electrical failure in the fan's motor can lead to a fire, the Consumer Product Safety Commission said.

Treasuries: Yields mired in a tight range

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NEW YORK (CNNMoney) -- Treasury prices fell Thursday as investors parsed through a mixed bag of economic reports.

Yields, which move in opposite direction to price, have largely been stuck in a rut as investors continue to keep a wary eye on spreading unrest in the Middle East and Japan's recovery efforts.

First-time unemployment claims fall

NEW YORK (CNNMoney) -- The government added about 5,000 fewer newcomers to its unemployment benefit rolls last week.
Americans filing first-time unemployment claims fell to 382,000, in the week ended March 19, the Labor Department said Thursday. That was down from the previous week's revised 387,000.

Big banks hunger for corporate debt

The price of crude was back above $106 on Thursday.
NEW YORK (CNNMoney) -- Looking for a loan? If you're a company with a decent investment grade rating, you're in luck.
Earlier this week, "A"-rated AT&T (T, Fortune 500) lined up near-record amounts of debt for its $39 billion dollar deal with Deutsche Telekom's T-Mobile USA.

Oil - near $106 and rising

The price of crude was back above $106 on Thursday.


NEW YORK (CNNMoney) -- Crude oil prices moved above $106 a barrel again Thursday before retreating, as a confluence of war, natural disasters and Japan's nuclear problems unnerved investors.

The benchmark U.S. contract, West Texas Intermediate, dropped 15 cents, or 0.55%, to settle at $105.60 a barrel for May delivery. In early trading, the price peaked at $106.69.


Brent crude, pegged to oil prices in the North Sea, rose 4 cents to $115.59.

U.S. oil prices have surged more than 20% since mid-February, when pro-democracy movements reached Libya, Africa's third-largest oil producer.

Libya is just the start of the worries. A bomb exploded on a Jerusalem bus Wednesday. Escalating violence between Syrian security forces and anti-government protesters left 15 dead. The governments of Bahrain, Tunisia, Yemen and Egypt are all in various stages of disarray. Portugal's debt crisis continues unabated.

"The truth is we have very strong fundamental justification for where the price of oil is at and where it is probably going," Phil Flynn, senior market analyst at PFG Best, wrote in a research note.

Prices could be going much higher.

If all oil production ceased in Libya, Bahrain and Yemen, oil prices could rise to $125 a barrel, according to Moody's Analytics economist Chris Lafakis. If Iran reduced production by 50%, prices could rise to $150.

One mitigating factor is the reduced demand in Japan after the twin natural disasters that rocked the country earlier this month.

With business shuttered and manufacturing plants closed, the country is using less oil. For the moment, that's actually a helpful phenomenon for world oil markets struggling with reduced exports from Libya.

For Japan, the temporary drop in demand coincides with a diminished refining capacity. The earthquake and tsunami damaged a number of Japanese oil refineries, sparking concerns about whether Japan would need to import refined products.

But the refineries are starting to open. ExxonMobil (XOM, Fortune 500) said Wednesday that it had restarted all of its Japanese refineries for the first time since the March 11 quake.

Three of the four refineries operated by Cosmo Oil are online, and ramping up production. However, the company's largest refinery, located north of Tokyo in Chiba, is still offline.

In the longer term, experts expect Japanese demand for oil to spike as the country starts reconstruction efforts, especially with a nuclear capacity reduced by the quake damage at the Fukushima plant. 

Household wealth down 23% in 2 years - Fed

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By Charles Riley, staff reporter


NEW YORK (CNNMoney) -- The average American family's household net worth declined 23% between 2007 and 2009, the Federal Reserve said Thursday.

A rare survey of U.S. households, first performed in 2007 but repeated in 2009 in order to gauge the effects of the recession, reveals the median net worth of households fell from $125,000 in 2007 to $96,000 in 2009.


Titled "Surveying the Aftermath of the Storm," the report offers a broad look at how the financial crisis impacted individual households.

It is widely known that the 2008 financial crisis resulted in the vaporization of trillions of dollars in household wealth. But Federal Reserve officials said Thursday the new report offers a look at exactly how hard the recession hit families, and how they reacted.

The numbers paint a stark picture.

Families that owned stock saw their portfolios drop by more than a third to $12,000 from $18,500, on average. The value of primary real estate holdings decreased by an average of $18,700.

And families took on more debt, pushing median total debt levels to $75,600 from $70,300. They also made less money. Media household income dropped from to $49,800 from $50,100.

Interestingly, families below the median national income in 2007 actually saw their earnings increase by 2009. Meanwhile, families that started above the national average in 2007 saw their incomes decline.

Families in the top 10% of net worth in 2007 saw their incomes decline by 13% on average, a phenomenon the Fed attributed to large declines in capital gains and in business, farm or self-employment income.

The report also reveals that some families are doing quite well.

"Although over 60% of families saw their wealth decline over the two-year period, a sizable fraction of households experienced gains in wealth," the report says.

But it's hard to pin down what made those families successful. "Shifts in wealth do not appear to be correlated in a simple way with families' characteristics," the authors write.

The report's authors also make the point that Americans appear to be reacting to the recession in a counterproductive way.

"[F]amilies' behavior may act in some ways as a brake on reviving the economy in the short run," the report says.

The data shows that Americans have increased their savings rate across the board, regardless of how they are weathering the storm. That means less money is being pumped into the economy. To top of page

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